Composite structure.



No. 864,619. PATEN' IED AUG. 27, 1907.

, A. DE MAN.

. COMPOSITE STRUG E.

v APPLICATION FILED FEB. 90%.

Z J v WITNESSES: INVENTOH ATTORNEYS a similar view of the same, on the line 3.5 of Fig. l; and

4-5 the means for obtaining varying cross sections of unimetal taken up by cola order to obtain a perfect even transmission the anchor- Unrriuo STATES OFFICE.

ALPHONdE DE MAN, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR 'lO JULIE DE MAN, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

CGMPOSITE S'IPifll' STU 15W.

No. sealers.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 27, 1967.

To all whom it may concern:

lie it known that I, ALrnons'n Du MAN, a citizen of the United States, and a resident; of the city of New York, (borough of lilfanhattain) in the county and State of New York, have invented a new and Improved Composite Structure, oi which the followingis a full, clear,

and exact description.

The invention relates to cenicntitious bodies reinforced by structural iron or steel mcmbeis, andits object is to .provide a new and improved composite structure in which the rciuro ring members are held against movement in the cementitious body, to insure a total transmission or" the strcssc" from the metal members to the surrounding concrete, it being understood that in ing device should be continuous and uniform in amount or effect throughout the entire length of the reinforcing member.

The invention consists of novel features and parts and combinations of the same, as Will be more fullyxlescribed hereinafter and then. pointed out in the claims.

A practical embodiment or the invention is represented in 131: o accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification, in vhic 1 similar characters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the views.

Figure l is a longitudinal sectional side elevation of the improvement, illustrating a reinforced beam, the section being on the linol l of Fig. 2; Fig. 2 is a cross section of the some, on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1;- Fig. 3 is Fig. l is a side elevation of the reinforcing member.

In the ccmcnllllious body A is embedded the rein forcing member ll, made of a structural iron or steel bar, approximately rectangular in cross section and having at least two or preferably all of its corners or edges indented or made undulating Lhroughout the length of the bar, the dents or undulations being produced during the process of rolling or otherwise forming the bar, or by treating the bar subsequently ior the purpose. The undulations of adjacent. corners are alternately arranged, to give to the iaccb'r' (ill'll side the appearance of a wavy band, as plainly indicated in Figs. 1 and 4. The undulating oi the undulations on adjacent corners is an essential feature in the arrangement of the bar, as it is form area, the bar being used Lo resist tension stresses, and the uniform area of its cross sections throughout the entire length is essential as the strength of the bar is only what it is in its smallcsc cross scciiion, and all the r cnicut over the smaller arca is lost. By reference to the dn-iwings it will be seen that the dents or undnlafaions are of unbroken continuity, thereby avoiding all sharp points liable to cut the concrete, and besides the dents or undulations are uniform in. shape, equal in length and depth, and the dents or undulations of adjacent edges are staggered or arranged alternately, so that the highest rise of a dent on one edge or corner is in transverse alinement with the gfcatets depth of the dent or undulalion located directly opposite on the next adjacent edge or corner.

By the arrangement described, the material of the comentitious body follows and adheres to the'surface of the undulations oi the embedded reinforcing member 13, and the slant of the undulated surface of the depressions at the angles prevents any longitudinal movement of the bar in the ccmentitious body A, and insures the total transmission of the stresses from the member to the surrounding concrete.

The cross section of the bar forming a reinforcing member can be vaiicd without however deviating from my invention, it being understood that the bar has undulations along the meeting angles of the adjacent surfaces or sides of the bar, and the surfaces appear wavy or undulating. By the symmetrical alternate arrangement of the undulations, the cross sections of the bar are varying in form, but they have all equal areas, throughout the lengths of he bar, and hence there are no Weak spots in the bar and strength is uniform throughout its full length.

It is understood that the simple adhesion of the cement and smooth surfaces oi the metal reinforcing members havin a uniform section throughout their entire length are not sufii cicnt to transmit the stresses from the morn-l members to the surrounding concrete; besides, when the stresses are very great, it requires large reinforcing members which are more affected by vibration than small members, which consequently disturb seriously the adhesion. Rust; and even some paint uscd Ibo prevent it are apt to Weaken the adhesion of cement to [he surface of the reinforcing members, but, by providing the undulatcd edges it is evident that an absolute bond between the reinforcing members and the concrete is obtained.

it is understood that in practice the reinforcing member is embedded in 13h. csh concrete, and after the latter is set ih c undulaiions, on account of being molded in hardened concrete, prevent longitudinal movement of the reinforcing mom bcrs in the concrete.

The resistance of concrete to compression is usually sufficient, so that in practice it seldom requires reinforcing in the part where compression occurs, and this is especially the case in the top of beams and floor slabs. On the other hand concrete, on account of being very wow-ii in tension, requires reinforcing in the parts of the siroclure Where tension occurs. In beams and floor slabs, the concrete above the neutral line is in comprcssion and below that line in tension. The part in iension is reinforced by one or more tension members all B, as described, until it can stand as much tension as the concrete above the neutral line can stand compression.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent:

1. A metallic reinforcing member for composite structures, consisting of a bar. approximately rectangular in cross section and provided on at least two of its edges with undulations of unbroken continuity, the cross sections of the bar being of varying form and uniform area.

2. A metallic reinforcing member for composite structures, cons sting of a bar. approximately rectangular in cross. section and provided on at least two of its edges with undulations of unbroken continuity. the cross sections of the bar being of varying form and uniform area throughout the length of the bar.

ll metallic reinforcing member for composite struc tures. consisting of a .bar. approximately rectangular in cros. .cctiOn and provided on at least two of its edges with undulations, the undulations on adjacent-edges being ar ranged alternately.

4. A metallic reinforcing member for composite struc tures, con. sting of a bar, apprrnrimately rectangular in cross section and provided on at least two of its. edges with undulations. the undulations on adjacent edges being arranged alternately and the cross sections of the bar being of varying, form and uniform area throughout the length of the bar.

3. A metallic reinforcing member for composite structures. con. sting of a bar. approximately"rectangular in cross section and provided on at least two of its edges with undulations of unbroken continuity, the cross sections of the bar throughout the length thereof being symmetrical and the longitudinal sections through the axis of the bar ing each edge formed with uniform undulations of unbroken continuity from one end of the bar to the other, the undulations of, one edge being staggered relative to the undulations of an adjacent edge.

8. A metallic reinforcing member for composite struc tures. consisting, of an approximately rectangular bar having each edge formed with uniform-undulations of the same length and depth and of unbroken continuity from one end of the bar to the other. the undulations of one edge being staggered relative to the undulations of an ad jaccnt edge.

.).'A metallic re-intorcing bar for .cementitious bodies formed with a plurality. of flat surfaces extending longitndinally thereof and having a series of depressions formed at along each of the lines of intersection between said surfaces. the depressions of "one series being arranged alternately to those of each adjacent series.

it). A metallic rc-inforcing bar for cementitious bodies formed with a plurality of flat surfaces extending longitudinally thereof and being compressed at intervals along each -of the lines of intersection between said surfaces to provide a plurality of series of depressions, the depressions of one series being arranged alternately to those of the ad- ,iaccnt series.

ii. A composite structure. consisting of a cementitious body in combination with a metallic rc-iuforcing bar embedded therein. the said re-inforcing bar having a plurality of llat surfaces extending longitudinally thereofand being compressed at intervals along each of the lines of intersection between said surfaces to provide a plurality of series of depressions, the depressions of one series being arranged alternately to those of each adjacent series.

'12. tension bar 9- composite beams comprising a bar provided on both faces along its marginal edges with depr 'sions the depressions along one'marglnal edge being staggered with respect to the depressions along the marginal edge on the same face of the bar. and the depressions along the marginal edges on one face of the bar being staggered with respect to thc deprf sions along the corresponding marginal edges on the opposite face of the bar.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specilieation in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

AlllfllUNSl'l DE MAN.

Witnesses Tune. (i. lios'rnu. Erratum Boixros Mansnann. 

